| Congestive
|
| Cirrhosis
|
| Heart failure
|
| Thrombosis of portal, hepatic, or splenic veins
|
| Malignancy
|
| Lymphoma, usually indolent variants
|
| Acute and chronic leukemias
|
| Polycythemia vera
|
| Multiple myeloma and its variants
|
| Essential thrombocythemia
|
| Primary myelofibrosis
|
| Primary splenic tumors
|
| Metastatic solid tumors
|
| Infection
|
| Viral – Hepatitis, infectious mononucleosis, cytomegalovirus
|
| Bacterial – Salmonella, Brucella, tuberculosis
|
| Parasitic – Malaria, schistosomiasis, toxoplasmosis, leishmaniasis
|
| Infective endocarditis
|
| Fungal
|
| Inflammation
|
| Sarcoid
|
| Serum sickness
|
| Systemic lupus erythematosus
|
| Rheumatoid arthritis (Felty syndrome)
|
| Infiltrative, nonmalignant
|
| Gaucher disease
|
| Niemann-Pick disease
|
| Amyloid
|
| Other lysosomal storage diseases (eg, mucopolysaccharidoses)
|
| Langerhans cell histiocytosis
|
| Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis
|
| Rosai-Dorfman disease
|
| Hematologic (hypersplenic) states
|
| Acute and chronic hemolytic anemias, all etiologies
|
| Sickle cell disease (children)
|
| Following use of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor
|
