Sex steroid excess

Rare

Mostly virilising

Can manifest at a late stage with advanced adrenal malignant neoplasm

Almost all feminising tumours are malignant

Detect with measurements of 24-hour urine testosterone, DHEA, and DHEA-S or serum DHEAS

Good argument for only testing for sex steroid excess in patients without virilisation, given that assuming the lesion is not malignant, you wouldn't do anything about a benign non-virilising tumour

Inspect imaging closely for signs of malignancy