Osteoporosis
Appearance
A systemic skeletal disorder characterised by low bone mass, micro-architectural deterioration of bone tissue leading to bone sterility, and consequent increase in fracture risk.
Clinical manifestations
[edit | edit source]- No clinical manifestations until there is a fracture
- Vertebral fracture
- Most common
- 2/3 asymptomatic
- Other fractures - hip, distal radius
Diagnosis
[edit | edit source]- Fragility fracture, particularly at spine/hip/wrist/humerus/rib/pelvis, or
- T-score <= -2.5 standard deviations below mean
- Osteopaenia 1-2.5 SD below mean
Management
[edit | edit source]- Pharmacotherapy
- Oral bisphosphonate - weekly alendronate/risedronate
- Raloxifene
- Zoledronic acid - if unable to take bisphosphonate