Editing Colon and rectum (section)

=== '''Vermiform appendix''' ===

*** Blind-ending tubular structure arising from posteromedial caecum approximately 3cm from ICV
**** 5-35cm in length, average length 8-10cm
**** Average diameter of 5mm
*** Position varies depending on fetal development:
**** Retrocaecal 65%
**** Pelvic 31%
**** Sub-caecal 2.3%
**** Pre-ileal 1%
**** Retro-ileal 0.4%
**** Base can be found by identifying the point of convergence of the taeniae coli
*** Locating the appendix
**** Follow the anterior taenia of the caecum to the convergence with the other two taeniae
**** Identify the bloodless fold of Treves extending from the antimesenteric border of TI to the base of the appendix, or the anterior surface of the mesoappendix, or to both areas. It contains no sizeable blood vessels. The TI is the only part of the ileum with a fold on the antimesenteric aspect.
*** Agenesis, duplication and triplication of the appendix have been reported
*** Mesoappendix is attached to caecum and proximal appendix, and contains the appendicular artery (branch of ileocolic) from SMA
**** Not a true mesentery, more of a peritoneal fold
**** There is also often a peritoneal fold in front of the appendix - bloodless fold of Treves

**