Editing Hydrocoele (section)

== Aetiology ==

* Acquired
** Primary (vaginal)
*** Most common in middle and later life, and in hot countries
*** Usually painless - can reach a very large size
** Secondary to epididymal or testicular disease
*** Most commonly acute or chronic epididymo-orchitis
*** Also seen with torsion or malignancy
*** Secondary hydrocoeles are usually lax and of moderate size, with a palpable underlying testicle
*** Don't puncture the hydrocoele if malignancy is suspected - fear of seeding
*** Should subside when the primary lesion resolves
** Secondary to infection
*** Filarial hydrocoele - Wucheria bancrofti - tropical countries
**** Occasionally contains liquid fat, caused by rupture of lymphatic varix, causing chylocoele
**** Treatment by excision of sac
** Idiopathic
* Congenital
* Haematocoele
** Most commonly caused by needle aspiration of a hydrocoele
*** Diagnose with reduced transillumination of the sac and pain/tenderness along with consistent history
*** Can be a/w tumours or trauma too