Editing Acute malnutrition (section)

== '''Metabolic response to trauma/sepsis/surgery:''' ==

* Development of a hypermetabolic state and increased protein breakdown
* Increased counter-regulatory hormones (adrenaline, norad, cortisol, glucagon, growth hormone)
** Within a few minutes of beginning an operation, these hormones start rising
* Increased energy requirement
* Increased nitrogen requirement
* Insulin resistance and glucose tolerance
* Preferential oxidation of lipids
* Increased gluconeogenesis and protein catabolism
* Loss of adaptive ketogenesis
** Contrast this with simple starvation
* Fluid retention with associated hypoalbuminaemia
* No evidence that provision of high-energy intake would actually be helpful in this setting

[[Category:Nutrition]]